1. 控制器的定义

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    // 控制器方法...
}

2. 请求映射

@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getUser(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) {
    // 方法体...
    return "userView";
}

3. 请求参数绑定

@RequestMapping(value = "/update", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String updateUser(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("age") int age, Model model) {
    // 方法体...
    return "updateSuccessView";
}

4. 模型数据绑定

@ModelAttribute
public void populateModel(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) {
    // 方法体...
    model.addAttribute("user", userService.getUser(id));
}

5. 视图解析

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
    InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    resolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
    resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    return resolver;
}

6. 异常处理

@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public ModelAndView handleException(Exception ex) {
    // 方法体...
    ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
    modelAndView.setViewName("errorView");
    modelAndView.addObject("exception", ex);
    return modelAndView;
}

通过以上介绍,了解了SpringMVC中控制器的基本使用方法,包括请求映射、请求参数绑定、模型数据绑定、视图解析和异常处理等。掌握这些知识,能有效地开发和调试SpringMVC应用程序,并提供良好的用户体验。